Author: HEAVENLY REMNANT MINISTRIES

This is the 6th and last part in this series. If you say that you believe in the doctrine of election, from the Old Testament is should also be very clear that God had elected Israel for a future glorious Kingdom and salvation.

Premillennialism is biblical. Scripture indeed teaches a future one-thousand year reign of Christ on the earth, explicitly and exactly as Revelation 20 describes it. There will be the fulfillment of all God’s promises to Israel in the past, given through the Abrahamic Covenant, Davidic Covenant and New Covenant. All of God’s people through history, and not only Israel, including the redeemed church and the redeemed in the time of the Tribulation all enjoy the blessings of that glorious reign.

Unfortunately, Amillennialists deny the truths of an actual earthly Kingdom and the future salvation of Israel. On the other hand, Post-millennialists say there is going to be some sort of spiritual kingdom on earth, but Christ will not come until it’s over.

Now to go back to the foundation where we will end up with Christ on earth, reigning in Israel, in Jerusalem, over a redeemed nation of Israel and all the saints gathered around. These saints include both those who returned from heaven with Christ, and those who were saved during the Tribulation and will enter into the Kingdom in physical form.

That is explicitly what Scripture says and there is never a reason to spiritualize, to allegorize, or to try and explain a text away if the plain meaning is clear. Only if the context gives compelling reason to assume that the language is somehow symbolic or spiritual should you ever look for any other than the obvious meaning.

Christ will return to earth to judge the world and establish His Kingdom for a thousand years during which Satan and his demons will be bound. Revelation 20 settles this and there is no other passage in Scripture that suggests any different scenario. All of the many Old Testament prophecies concerning this final Kingdom harmonize best with literal earthly kingdom. Christ reigning, Israel receiving the fulfillment of all its promises and all the saints gathered there as well.

God made covenants with Israel, promises to Israel, plans for Israel for a future Kingdom, and these are reiterated again and again in the Old Testament and repeated even in the New Testament. This Kingdom is described so clearly in the book of Revelation, along with the salvation of Israel, necessarily since 144 thousand Jews in the future will preach the gospel. There will be a great awakening in the city of Jerusalem where the whole population will give glory to God, as described in Revelation 11. The promises of God are unilateral, unconditional, and irrevocable.

LUKE 20 – THE PARABLE OF THE WINE GROWERS

So where does Amillennialism come from? Let us look at Luke 20. It is in the context of a parable that our Lord gave about a man who owned agricultural land. He owned a vineyard and went away on a long journey and he rented out his land to contract workers. They had skill in developing grapes but did not own the land. They get to keep a fair portion of the crop and they pay to the owner a percentage agreed upon in a contract. Then time comes for the owner to send his slave to collect what is his but they abuse the slave and give him nothing. He sends a second and a third one and they do the same. He then send his beloved son as he thought that they would at least have respect for his son. But when the vine growers saw the son, they reasoned with one another saying, “This is the heir, let us kill him that the inheritance may be ours.” They then killed him. The owner of the vineyard would then destroy those vine growers and give the vineyard to others.

Very clear story. It is a story about Israel’s history. Israel is God’s vineyard. God chose them to be His special people, to receive His revelation, to be stewards of the covenants and the Scriptures and all divine truth. God puts over them certain leaders, the priests, even the kings and the elders, all of those who are responsible to bring leadership to that people with a view toward producing in them fruit unto righteousness, which then could be offered to God in an expression of worship and praise. The leaders of Israel failed miserably. In fact, they killed the prophets.

Remember that Jesus described Jerusalem in Matthew 23 and again in Luke 13, as Jerusalem who killed the prophets and stoned those that were sent to them. Through all their history when prophets came from God demanding some spiritual fruit, demanding that the people give an account for what they owed God by way of obedience and worship, they rejected the prophets. Finally God says, “I’ll send My Son.” He sends His Son, they kill the Son. What will He do? He will give the vineyard to others.

Now there are people who think that this spells out in very clear terms the end of Israel and that all the promises are therefore cancelled. God is giving spiritual privilege, the stewardship of Scripture and the custodianship of divine truth to others. And that is absolutely true.

But the question is, just exactly who the others are? In Matthew 21:43 where the story recorded by Matthew, it says, “The Kingdom of God shall be taken from you and given to a nation or a people bringing forth the fruit of it.” So the vineyard is the Kingdom of God, and the sphere where God works. It is the sphere of God’s Kingdom. The sphere in which God is working His salvation. And the first group of people who could be called God’s vineyard, or God’s Kingdom, were the Jews but their leaders were false and did not lead them into righteousness.

So God will carve out a new people with new leaders. The first generation of those new leaders is the Apostles who were given power and authority by Christ over disease, death, and demons. They were given insight into the truths that were hidden from everybody else, who were given the explanation of parables and analogies and stories that our Lord told while the others never heard the explanation. So while it was darkness to the others, it was light to His Apostles and His disciples. They were given, as Matthew 16 says, the keys to the Kingdom. They were given the gospel and the gospel truth to open the doors to salvation.

Following them, we see the New Testament prophets. Then, according to Ephesians, the evangelists and the teaching pastors, all the way down to today, those who are the guardians, the proclaimers, the teachers and the instructors of New Testament gospel truth. They are the new vine growers. And under their leadership the Kingdom of God has moved from being predominantly in the realm of the Jews to being predominantly Gentile.

This is all true and not arguable. Luke, in Acts 13:46 as a matter of fact said, “Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly and said, ‘It was necessary that the Word of God should be spoken to you first because you were God’s original chosen nation. Since you repudiate it and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we are turning to the Gentiles, for thus…verse 47…the Lord has commanded us. I have placed you as a light for the Gentiles that you should bring salvation to the end of the earth.’ And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the Word of the Lord and as many as been appointed to eternal life believed.”

There was definitely a turning to the Gentiles, a new leadership and a new vineyard, a new people that embody the Kingdom. In Acts 18:6, Paul once again said, “Your blood be upon your own heads, I am clean. From now on I shall go to the Gentiles.”

The church extends to the ends of the earth. The question is, is the displacement of Israel as God’s chosen people in the middle of His redemptive plan, with the Apostles and prophets and evangelists and teaching pastors of the church, permanent? And that gets us to the question that must be answered.

THE DISPLACEMENT OF ISRAEL – PERMANENT OR TEMPORARY?

Amillennialists and Postmillennialists say yes – the displacement is permanent. Scripture says no. You can see that the leaders of Judaism are not the leaders of God’s vineyard, that the Jewish people are not the people of God but rather that the leaders of the true church and the true church are.

The answer whether permanent or not, is given in Romans 11:25, “I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed,” or to put it another way, “I do not want you, brethren, to be Amillennialists.” “Lest you be wise in your own estimation that a partial hardening,” has happened to Israel. Only partial because there are many Jews who have come to faith in Jesus Christ. Then in Acts 18, or Acts 13:48 and in Luke 21:24-26 we read that when the fullness of the Gentiles come and all of them have been gathered, then all Israel will be saved. This goes back to Isaiah 59:20, “The Deliverer will come from Zion, He will remove ungodliness from Jacob and this is My covenant with them when I take away their sins.” This is a partial hardening of Israel and it is a temporary one. Yes, from the standpoint of the gospel, they are enemies for the sake of the church because they rejected the gospel. But from the standpoint of God’s choice, they are beloved for the sake of the fathers. What does that mean? For the sake of God’s promises and covenants made to the fathers in Genesis. For the gifts and calling of God are irrevokable. God does not go back on His Word.

If you then look at the future, you see then a time for Israel’s salvation and for all the Kingdom promises to be fulfilled. Zechariah 8:1, “Then the Word of the Lord of host came saying, ‘Thus says the Lord of host, I’m exceedingly jealous for Zion,’” that’s for Israel, “‘I’m jealous for great wrath for her.’” I’m angry jealous. “Thus says the Lord, ‘I will return to Zion and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem.’” “Then Jerusalem will be called the city of truth.” It’s not now, it wasn’t the first time Jesus came. Not only will Jerusalem be called the city of truth, but the mountain of the Lord of hosts will be called the holy mountain. Jerusalem will become the source of truth and holiness.

And then go down to verse 20. “Peoples will come, nations will come, inhabitants of many cities will come.” This describes the Kingdom, they’ll come from all over the world. “They’ll go to one another saying, ‘Let us go at once to entreat the favor of the Lord, to seek the Lord of hosts I will also go. So many peoples and mighty nations will come to seek the Lord of hosts in Jerusalem and entreat the favor of the Lord.’” The twenty-third verse, “Thus says the Lord of hosts, in those days ten men from all the nations, ten Gentiles, will hang on the garment of a Jew saying, Let’s go with you for we have heard that God is with you.” God will come back to Israel, save Israel, dwell in the presence of the people of Israel gathered in the Kingdom. This is basically echoed in Micah 4 as well.

Jerusalem, the center of the Kingdom of Christ over this whole earth, will be the source of truth and from it will go the Word of the Lord and from it will go holiness and He will rule with righteousness and peace over the whole earth. And the Jews will be at the center of that in the fulfillment of everything God promised to the fathers.

There is nothing in the writings of the New Testament that says the promises to Israel are cancelled and transferred to the church. There is nothing that cancels the future earthly reign of Jesus Christ in favor of some spiritual reign from heaven.

GALATIANS 6:16 SPEAKS TO THE JEWS

One other passage Amillennialists use is Galatians 6:16. Paul says, “Those who walk by this rule,” that is those who walk according to the salvation in the cross, according to grace, and are new creations, “For them peace and mercy be upon them and upon the Israel of God.” Amillennialists say the Israel of God must refer to the church. That is certainly not apparent in the text. The very simple meaning here is Jews who are saved, they are the Israel of God, as contrasted with those who are the subject of this Galatian letter. Judaizers came in and corrupted the churches of Paul, spreading their salvation by circumcision, by ceremony and by keeping the Law. They did not flagrantly deny Christ, they just wanted to add law-keeping and circumcision. They are not the true believers. They are not the Israel of God.

This is language that is not unfamiliar to Paul. Romans 2:28, “He is not a Jew who is one outwardly, neither is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh, he is a Jew who is one inwardly and circumcision is that which is of the heart by the Spirit.” Paul is talking about the Jew who really belongs to God because he has been transformed by belief in the gospel on the inside. In Romans 9:6 Paul continues, “It is not as though the Word of God has failed, they are not Israel who are descended from Israel. Not all Israel is Israel.” The Israel of God simply means genuine Jewish believers and there are in the church many genuine Jewish believers. In fact, when the church began in Jerusalem and three thousand Jews were saved, and expanded in Jerusalem to as many as twenty thousand or more and they were Jews until the gospel went to Antioch and from there was launched into the Gentile world. But even when the gospel was taken to the Gentile world, they went, first of all, to the synagogue and preached the gospel to the Jews.

AMILLENNIALISM CAME AFTER THE BIBLE

So the Apostles didn’t teach Amillennialism. Jesus didn’t teach it. If it is not in the Bible, then it has to be after the Scripture. Let us look at the early church fathers. Papias, who was born when John was still alive and who lived right at the close of the apostolic era, said there will be a millennium after the resurrection from the dead, when the personal reign of Christ will be established on the earth.

There are others who also said there definitely will be a Kingdom. Even Justin Martyr who lived from 100 to 165 said, “But I and others who are right minded Christians on all points are assured that there will be a resurrection of the dead and a thousand years in Jerusalem which then will be built, adorned and enlarged as the prophets Ezekiel and Isaiah and others declare.” On and on the history goes and they all agreed on the earthly Kingdom. They took a literal, normal, natural approach to Scripture and they came up with a millennium. And Christ coming first, establishing the Kingdom, followed by, of course, the general resurrection and judgment.

Even John Calvin could not ignore this. Calvin, by the way, was hard on any allegorical interpretation of any passage. He wrote, “The error of allegory has been the source of many evils, not only did it open the way for adulteration of the natural meaning of Scripture, but also set up boldness in allegorizing as the chief exegetical virtue.” Calvin, of course, resented all of that. He was instrumental in the Geneva Bible, 1575, and the Geneva Bible says this, “The blindness of the Jews is neither so universal that the Lord has no elect in that nation, neither will it be continual, for there will be a time in which they also will effectually embrace that which they now so stubbornly and for the most part reject and refuse.” There is no other way to interpret Scripture.

Unless you change the meaning of Israel and Israel does not mean Israel, or unless you come up with some wild allegorical interpretation of what is otherwise simple and straight-forward language, you can’t have the church replacing Israel and receiving some spiritual fulfillment.

THE EARLIER DAYS OF AMILLENNIALISM

But even though some of these fathers saw an actual reign of Christ to some degree or another, a growing anti-Semitism began to crawl through the early church and cause some to resent the Jews and seek to replace them. There were actually early church fathers who called the church the new Israel like Justin Martyr, from 100 to 165, who wanted to hold on to a millennium, but wanted the church to replace Israel.

He was followed by another somewhat familiar church father named Origen, who established the allegorical method for interpretation of Scripture and he allegorized the text related to Israel. But perhaps the most notable contributor to making the church the new Israel was Augustine in the fifth century. And it did come from a growing resentment toward Jews related to the fact that they had rejected Christ.

It had a very, very profound effect on the church in the Middle and Dark Ages. Israel had rituals, rather than preaching. Roman Catholicism came right out of that concept. If the church is the new Israel, we need an altar. You will never see an altar in a Christian church. We do not offer sacrifices, even a repeated supposed sacrifice of Jesus Christ, horror of horrors. We do not have priesthood. We do not have a Jubilee Year. We are not caught up in symbols, ceremonies, and ritual. But all of that got imported out of the worship of the Old Testament into quasi-Christianity in the Medieval church. From the formation of the church in those early centuries through to the present day, Roman Catholicism is Judaism recast. They commune with God through rituals, sacraments, which is it is in the hands of priests. It is institutional and not personal.

THE EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT THEOLOGY ON EVANGELIZING JEWS

Another effect of replacement theology, it the damaging effect on Jewish evangelism. How do you explain to an orthodox Jew in Israel that Jesus is his Messiah? His first response would most probably be, Where is the Kingdom?” If all the cruel realities of this world and the treatment of Israel by the nations are taken into consideration, it would be very hard to sell, if you tell him that the Kingdom is already here. Where is the Son of David reigning on the throne? Where is truth and holiness?

Are you, as an amillennialist going to tell him, “Well, it’s not for you but Jesus is still your Messiah. God cancelled all His covenants and promises with you and He’s given them to us and we’d like to share them with you. We are God’s new elect people, chosen by Him for eternal salvation and blessing, and you’re out?”

Then the Old Testament is not true and can’t be trusted. And if God did that to the Jews, why could He be trusted for what He said to the Gentiles?

Even the amillennialis can not get away from what Scripture says. Jonathan Edwards says the Jews and all their dispersions shall cast away their old infidelity and shall have their hearts wonderfully changed and hate themselves for their past unbelief and obstinacy. And it was Edwards who said the church was the new Israel, but he still couldn’t deny the future conversion of Israel.

The future salvation of Israel is established unmistakably in Romans 11. First of all, God is glorified. God is glorified in advance of what is coming. His Covenants and all His promises do not depend on human inability. They depend on sovereign grace. He reigns in glory on the earth. The last vision of this earth, seeing Jesus, was hanging on a cross. They’ll see Him again when He comes in blazing glory. Every eye sees Him, fills the earth with His glory and judgment and the Kingdom. Getting it right in the future glorifies God and exalts Christ.

The Holy Spirit is honored in the mighty work of regeneration of that final nation Israel, that final group of ethnic Jews who according to Jeremiah 31 and Ezekiel 36 and 37, will be given the Holy Spirit.

Another benefit of getting it right is Scripture becomes clear. A uniform hermeneutic or set of principles is maintained, not arbitrarily set aside to eliminate Israel and substitute the church which leads to all manner of eschatological confusion and spiritualization of redemptive history. You keep intact the greatest historical illustration of sovereign election. God has elected Israel and He preserved them to their final salvation. This is how His election works. He keeps His promise and His Covenant.

Also the meaning of mystery in the New Testament is maintained. Over, and over, and over in the New Testament we are told that the New Testament is the mystery hidden in ages past, now revealed. The church is not just Israel moved into a new segment. The church is a mystery hidden, not seen. It is something brand new, unknown in the Old Testament.

Normal language serves to interpret all Scripture including eschatology. Just take what it says. Revelation 1:3, “Blessed is he who reads and those who hear the words of the prophecy and heed the things which are written in it, for the time is near.”

The book of Revelation is not written for mystics, it’s not written for allegorists. It’s not written for people who are academics. It’s not written for people with wild and vivid imaginations. It is written for the life of the church. That means it has to be taken at face value.

Also, the chronology of Scripture should be left intact. For example, Revelation, chapters 1 to 3, you have the church on earth. Chapters 4 and 5, the church appears in heaven, which means the church has been Raptured. Chapter 6 through 19, back to earth, the Tribulation, divine wrath explodes on the earth. Chapter 19, the Tribulation ends with the return of Christ. Chapter 20, He sets up His Kingdom, reigns for a thousand years. Chapter 21 and 22, the New Heaven and the New Earth. Simple chronology left intact.

Premillennialism is the only view that allows Christ to be honored as supreme ruler over His creation now temporarily in the hands of Satan.

Many of the prophecies that God gave were directed at the coming of the Messiah, the Lord Jesus Christ. His birth to a virgin, His sinless life, His substitutionary death, His literal resurrection, His exaltation, all of these are promised in the Old Testament and they came to pass historically. It is no change in the nature or character of Scripture that there are predictions about the future and the final end of world history. When we consider the great coming of the Lord Jesus Christ, there are many elements to the prophecy that are very clear, unmistakable, unambiguous and precise.

For example, the Bible predicts the Rapture of the church, in the twinkling of an eye and gathering them into heaven after they have been changed in the process. Those that are dead rising first. Those who are alive being caught up with them to be with the Lord. The Bible predicts a future time called the Time of Jacob’s Trouble, the time of Tribulation, also called the seventieth week of Daniel. The Bible tells us that during that period of time, there will be horrible things happening in this world because the judgment of God is then released. The Bible predicts the final appearance of the last Antichrist and the false prophet, who will attempt to displace Christ, to seduce the whole world into his false religion. The Bible also predicts the death, destruction and damnation of the final Antichrist.

The Bible predicts the final battle against, the battle of Armageddon. The battle is followed by the return of Jesus Christ and it ends when Christ comes triumphantly with His saints in His Second Coming to judge the ungodly, to destroy them. The Bible talks about the Kingdom, the establishment of the Kingdom when Christ returns. This Kingdom will have unique characteristics laid out in great detail in Scripture in the Old Testament, as well as in the New. It will be a Kingdom centered in Israel and Jesus will reign from Jerusalem.

The Bible predicts the final Kingdom lasts a thousand years, during which Satan and all demons are bound, and peace, justice and righteousness will prevail across the earth. The Bible then predicts the eternal judgment of the ungodly and their being sent into the Lake of Fire. The Bible then predicts the creation of the new heaven and the new earth.

Those are just general categories of eschatological areas that are laid out in Scripture in detail. The study of last things. If you are faithful to a straightforward reading of Scripture, you need not be confused at all.

Interpret all prophetic eschatological texts the same way you interpret everything else. Do not change the rules of interpretation. Secondly, interpret all the promises and covenants with Israel normally and literally. Take all the texts at face value. Let Israel be Israel and God’s promises to Israel valid and to be fulfilled.

The Old Testament laid out promises to Israel. Israel is God’s elect, God promised them a great nation, a great land, great blessing, a king, a kingdom, salvation, redemption, peace, righteousness. And we, the church, will share in that fulfillment by participating in the great blessing, in the great Kingdom and in the great New Covenant of salvation through our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ.

Strangely, however, there is a widespread and deep seated idea in Christian theology that Israel by unbelief and rejection of Christ has thereby forfeited all the promises and covenants. This dominates Reformed theology, though they are the protectors of divine election and divine sovereignty. The idea is that the church has replaced Israel and all the promises to Israel are to be fulfilled in the church spiritually now and in heaven. Messiah will not establish an earthly Kingdom and sit on a throne in Jerusalem. This view is called Amillennialism.

To support their denial of the Kingdom, they reject the plain sense of Scripture. But no mandate from God appears in Scripture to do that. Now that is what we have been looking at all along. The Old Testament is millennial, as we saw in Zechariah 12, 13 and 14 among many other passages. The Jews of Jesus’ day, were also millennial as we saw in Luke 1, 17 and 19. Jesus was Millennial. Jesus believed in and taught the coming Kingdom for Israel, as clear from Acts chapter 1 verses 3 through 7.

That takes us to the question of whether the Apostles and those associated with them were Amillennialists. Acts chapter 3 is very straightforward and uncomplicated on what the Apostles taught.

First of all, let us consider Peter, the leader of all the Apostles. In the middle of verse 12 he says, “Men of Israel, why do you marvel at this? Why do you gaze at us as if by our own power and piety we had made him walk?” Peter and John just made a lame man walk. Peter then says in verse 13, “The God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the God of our fathers has glorified His servant Jesus, the one whom you delivered up and disowned in the presence of Pilate when he had decided to release Him, but you disowned the holy and righteous One and asked for a murderer to be granted to you but put to death the prince of life, the one whom God raised from the dead, a fact to which we are witnesses.” You killed the Messiah and you cannot deny it.

Was this an interruption in the purpose of God? Was this a breach that God had not expected or planned for? Not at all! Verse 18, “But the things which God announced beforehand by the mouth of all the prophets that His Christ should suffer, He has thus fulfilled.” This is not leading God into Plan B but it was the plan from the beginning. Verse 19, “Repent therefore and return that your sins may be wiped away in order that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord,”…times of refreshing…that is a promise of the future Kingdom, refreshed by peace and righteousness and salvation. “And that He may send Jesus the Christ appointed for you.”

In other words, if you repent and return to God, your sins will be wiped away and the Kingdom will come because Jesus the Christ will return. Verse 21, follow Peter’s words. He had just ascended. “Whom heaven must receive until the period of restoration of all things.” That is the Kingdom, when all things are restored to a condition similar to what they were before the Fall. He is going to send Christ from heaven when it is time for the period of restoration of all things about which God spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from ancient time. He goes all the way back to Moses who said, “The Lord God shall raise up for you a prophet like Me from your brethren, to Him you shall give heed in everything He says to you.” Nothing has changed.

You rejected Christ and killed the Prince of Life. You disowned the holy and righteous One. But if you repent and when you repent and return, your sins will be wiped away, the promised times of refreshing will come because Jesus Christ will return who is only in heaven until the period of restoration, the very period spoken of by God through the mouth of His holy prophets from ancient time.

In verse 25, Peter closes out his sermon by saying, “It is you who are the sons of the prophets,” now listen to this, “and sons, implied, of the covenant which God made with your fathers saying to Abraham, ‘And in your seed, all the families of the earth shall be blessed.’” He is saying you disowned the holy and righteous one, the Messiah, but you are still the sons of the Abrahamic Covenant which He restates, in which God said to Abraham, “In your seed all the families of the earth shall be blessed,” and so forth, “For you first God raised up His servant and sent him to bless you by turning everyone of you from your wicked ways.”

Peter is affirming that nothing has changed in terms of God’s Covenant promise. Christ will come and bring the time of refreshing, the period of restoration which was promised by God through the mouth of the prophets from ancient time. He will come and you will give heed to Him. He will come because you are the sons of the Covenant, that means you belong to that Covenant, and everything promised to Abraham originally will come to pass. God will raise up His servant. He will turn you from your wicked ways. This all happened after the church has already been established in chapter 2, but that does not cancel God’s promises to Israel.

In Chapter 15 of the book of Acts, Peter could have said, “God is finished with you, the Kingdom is cancelled or you are now blended into the church of Jew and Gentile. There’s no future for the nation.” He does not say that. You are still the sons of the prophets and of the Covenant. The Abrahamic Covenant is still in place. We hear from James in Acts 15, pick it up at verse 13, Paul and Barnabas have just come back from visiting the Gentiles and seeing how God had brought salvation to them. After they had stopped speaking, James answered saying, this is James, the brother of our Lord, “Brethren, listen to me. Simeon…that’s the old name of Peter…has related how God first concerned himself about taking from among the Gentiles a people for His name.” Now we could say this is an indication, James could say, that it is over for the Jews..

That’s not what he says. God has taken from among the Gentiles a people for His name. This is true. The gospel is now being preached to the Gentiles. Verse 15, however, “And with this the words of the prophets agree. The words of the prophets agree.” The prophets always said God would save the nations. Israel was never the end of God’s salvation work, they were the means. It was through Israel that the world was to learn about the true and living God and put their trust in Him. We start in verse 16 to see language that comes right out of several Old Testament passages. This is what James says. “After these things I will return and I will rebuild the tabernacle of David which has fallen. And I will rebuild its ruins and I will restore it.”

What is the tabernacle of David? It is the house of David. What is the house of David? Jewish people and the Messianic Kingdom. “I will rebuild the tent, the tabernacle of David which has fallen.” After what? “After these things.” What things? After God has gathered out from the Gentiles a people, He will return, rebuild the tabernacle of David, fulfill all Messianic promises with regard to the Messiah as David’s greater Son and King, rebuild its ruins, restore it in order that the rest of mankind may seek the Lord.

And all the Gentiles who are called by My name, says the Lord, who makes these things known from of old.

In other words, there will be Gentile salvation, there will be a rebuilding then of the house of David, the Jews, with their King, with their Messiah, with the Kingdom, and from that Kingdom again salvation will extend across the nations of the world. It will happen in the Tribulation when Israel believes, a hundred and forty-four thousand Jews are saved, twelve thousand from every tribe, they spread over the earth and they preach the gospel of Jesus Christ and an innumerable number of people are saved from every tongue and tribe and people and nation. God has not set them apart or aside permanently, but only until He has gathered His Gentile church.

In Luke 21:24, the Lord says that Jerusalem is trodden down only until the times of the Gentile is complete. In Hebrews chapter 6 verse 13, “For when God made the promise to Abraham since He could swear by no one greater, He swore by Himself saying, ‘I will surely bless you, I will surely multiply you.’” When God made the promise in Genesis 12 and then repeated it in 13, 15, 17 to Abraham, God swore by Himself.

John wrote the Revelation and in chapter 7 describes the hundred and forty-four thousand, twelve thousand from every tribe. John describes salvation hitting the city of Jerusalem in chapter 11 under the power of two witnesses. He describes the establishing of the Millennial Kingdom in the great vision of chapter 20. Peter didn’t introduce Amillennialism. James did not introduce it. The writer of Hebrews did not introduce it. John did not introduce it. Maybe Paul introduced it. Let us go to Romans and find out.

Romans chapter 2 talks about the sinfulness of the Jews. They were Jews outwardly but not inwardly. Circumcised spiritually but not spiritually, concerned about praise from men and not praise from God. And so the question comes up in chapter 3, what advantage then is it to be a Jew? What’s the benefit of circumcision? Great in every respect. They were stewards of Scripture. “What then,” verse 3, “if some did not believe? Their unbelief will not nullify the faithfulness of God, will it?” You could not speak more directly to the issue. Verse 4, “May it never be. No, no, no, no, let God be found true though every man be found a liar.”

Let us get a little deeper into this. Capter 9 gives us good insight into God’s understanding of the apostasy and defection of Israel. In the opening it is clear that Israel is not saved even though they have the adoption as sons, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the Law, the temple service, the promises, the fathers and from them Christ has come, humanly speaking, as a Jew. But Paul has nothing but sorrow and grief in his heart for them because even though they have all that, they are not saved. Then you come to verse 6, “But it is not as though the Word of God has failed.” No, “For they are not Israel who are descended from Israel, neither are they all children because they are Abraham’s descendants, but through Isaac your descendants will be named.” God makes choices. Not all the children of Abraham are the children of promise. Abraham had a son named Ishmael, he was not chosen as a son of promise. “Only the children of promise, verse 8, are regarded as descendants.” And then he goes on to talk about Isaac. And even when Isaac had two sons, Jacob and Esau, verse 13 says, God said, “Jacob I loved, Esau I hated.”

So what we’re learning here is the unbelief of Israel is not outside the plan of God. God never included all Jews as children of promise…never. Even among twins, one was loved and one was hated. And so we say in verse 14, “Is there injustice with God?” He is God. Said to Moses, “I’ll have mercy on whom I have mercy, I have compassion on whom I have compassion,” and in that sixteenth verse, “it doesn’t depend on man who wills, or the man who runs but on God who has mercy.” Verse 18, “He has mercy on whom He desires. He hardens whom He desires.”

Therefore, to believe in divine election, divine sovereignty and divine choice and come up with Replacement theology is a bizarre twist. God did not choose the generation of Jews living at the time of Jesus. They did not believe, He did not show them mercy. Therefore, their unbelief could not have the power to thwart His plan to cancel His promises.

That leads us in to chapter 11 verse 1. Has God rejected His people? No. Chapter 10 ends with the fact that they are a disobedient and obstinate people. This is a perfect place to inject Replacement Theology, right here. BUT … down to verse 8. “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes to see not, ears to hear not, down to this very day.” This is sovereign. God has done this.

And then in verse 11, “I say then, they didn’t stumble so as to fall, did they?” Did they stumble for the moment so as to finally and permanently fall? No!

Verse 11 tells you, “By their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles.” In God’s purpose, God gave them a spirit of stupor so they would not believe in order to turn to the Gentiles to gather His church. But that’s not the end. End of verse 11, “To make them jealous.” Jealous of what the Gentiles, as true believers have. Some day that will happen. In verse 12, Paul says, “If their transgression be riches for the world …, how much more will their fulfillment be?” What does that word “fulfillment” tell you? That God is not finished with them at all. If so much good can come out of their unbelief, what is going to come out of their belief? Verse 17 and 18, “Branches were broken off and you, the church, the Gentiles, like a wild olive branch were grafted in to the stock of blessing … But don’t be arrogant.” Verse 19, “You will say then, branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.” They were broken off for their unbelief and you stand by your faith. “But don’t be conceited but fear, for if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will He spare you.”

The church in the end is going to become apostate and God is going to save Israel and graft them back in. Verse 23, “If they do not continue in their unbelief, they will be grafted in for God is able to graft them in again.” Down to verse 25, “I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery, lest you be wise in your own estimation that partial hardening has happened to Israel.” Why does he say partial? Because Paul himself is a Jew and the Apostles were all Jews. The early church was Jewish. There are even now thousands and thousands of Jewish believers. Hardening has happened partially to Israel only until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. Exactly what Jesus said in Luke 21:24. “And…verse 26…thus all Israel will be saved, just as it is written in the Old Testament.” Isaiah 59:20, “The Deliverer will come from Zion, He will remove ungodliness from Jacob and this is My covenant with them when I take away their sins.” Nothing has changed.

The Covenant is still in place. This Covenant being referred to here is the Covenant made to David, the Davidic Covenant, of a great King who would come and deliver them. It is also the New Covenant given to Ezekiel and to Jeremiah, a Covenant of salvation when God takes away their sins. Romans 3:28, “From the standpoint of the gospel, they are enemies for your sake. They are enemies so that you would be given the gospel, but from the standpoint of God’s election, they are beloved for the sake of the fathers.” Who are the fathers? The patriarchs to whom the promises were given.

The setting aside of Israel is partial, passing and temporary. It is indeed purposeful to bring about salvation through the church. And so this great section ends in verse 33 to 36, “O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God, how unsearchable are His judgments, unfathomable His ways, for who has known the mind of the Lord, or who became His counselor, or who has first given to Him that it might be paid back to Him again, for from Him and through Him and to Him are all things to Him be the glory forever. Amen.”

This is a celebration of the fulfillment of God’s purpose. Nothing is changed. They are still the sons of the prophets and of the covenant. They are still headed for the Kingdom, the fulfillment of all the promises given to Abraham, given to David and given in the New Covenant. As Gentiles now who have been brought to salvation by the mercy of God, we will inherit with them all the promises to Abraham and to David and have already begun to inherit the promises of the New Covenant because our sins have already been forgiven. The Holy Spirit has been planted in us, stony heart has been removed, we have been given a transformed nature, a heart of flesh.

Listen to the vision of Daniel 7. “I kept looking…verse 19…in the night visions and behold, with the clouds of heaven, one like a Son of Man was coming,” He is seeing the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus Christ. “He came up to the Ancient of Days, God the Father, and was presented before Him.” “And to Him was given dominion, glory and a Kingdom.” This is the Son receiving His Kingdom from the Father. “That all the peoples, nations, and men of every language might serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion which will not pass away, His Kingdom is one which will not be destroyed.” Here is Daniel’s vision of the Messiah coming to take His Kingdom and it is a Kingdom that involves people of every nation and language.

To say that God has made promises to Israel is not to say that the ultimate Kingdom is isolated to Israel, it is the place where those promises will be fulfilled to His people but they will also embrace all who belong to God. We will all be there.

Isaiah chapter 44 provide a foundation for the things we are going to address in part 6 of our study. First of all, from verse 6, “Thus says the Lord, the King of Israel, and His Redeemer, the Lord of hosts, I am the first and I am the last and there is no God besides Me. And who is like Me? Let him proclaim and declare it, yes let him recount it to Me in order, from the time that I established the ancient nation and let them declare to them the things that are coming and the events that are going to take place. Do not tremble, do not be afraid, have I not long since announced it to you and declared it? And you are My witnesses. Is there any God besides Me or is there any other rock? I know of none.”

In those few verses, God identifies Himself as the Lord the King of Israel and Israel’s Redeemer. He is a God who fulfils what He proclaims and what He declares, who brings to fruition what He establishes, who declares things that are yet to come and events that have not yet taken place. Down to verse 21, again God is the speaker and He says, “Remember these things, O Jacob, and Israel, for you are My servant. I have formed you, you are My servant. O Israel, you will not be forgotten by Me.”

And then looking at the future salvation of Israel, God says, “I have wiped out your transgressions like a thick cloud, and your sins like a heavy mist. Return to Me for I have redeemed you. Shout for joy, O heavens, for the Lord has done it. Shout joyfully, you lower parts of the earth. Break forth into a shout of joy, you mountains, O forest, and every tree in it, for the Lord has redeemed Jacob and in Israel He shows forth His glory.”

Isaiah prophesied that the children of Israel would be taken into captivity and they would be recovered from captivity, but that would only be a historical preview to the great redemption that God had planned for the nation. In verse 24, “Thus says the Lord, your Redeemer, and the One who formed you from the womb, I the Lord am the maker of all things.” That is to say, I do what I will to do.

In chapter 45 and verse 17, Israel has been saved by the Lord with an everlasting salvation. You will not be put to shame or humiliated to all eternity. In chapter 46 of Isaiah and verse 9, “Remember the former things long past, I am God there is no other. I am God there is no one like Me, declaring the end from the beginning and from ancient times things which have not been done saying, My purpose will be established and I will accomplish all My good pleasure.” Verse 13, “I bring near My righteousness, it is not far off, and My salvation will not delay and I will grant salvation in Zion and My glory for Israel.” Here is God affirming His nature, His purpose and His promises to Israel, promises that ultimately bring about the redemption, the salvation of Israel and God manifesting His glory through that salvation.

To put it simply, God has already written history. It is all moving in the direction and toward the objectives that He has already designed and determined. Scripture reveals much about how the world will end and how redemptive history will come to its final consummation. The foundation of any understanding of end times is an understanding of God’s future promises to the Jews. The history of the world is really the redemption of the world.

Scripture tells us the truth about the future. In fact, Scripture records the future before it happens and therefore He speaks of it in the past tense even though it has not yet happened.

The fulfilment of God’s purposes in the end will come only when a future generation of Jews repents and acknowledges Jesus Christ as Messiah and Lord. Only then will God bring salvation to Israel, and then will the Messiah come and establish His Kingdom. That is the sequence in Zechariah 12 through 14, which we looked at in part 3.

The Second Coming of the Lord Jesus Christ, the establishment of His messianic Kingdom is contingent upon the salvation of a future generation of ethnic Jews who will collectively understand the horrors of the crucifixion of Christ and embrace Him as their Lord and Savior. It will come to pass, because God promised it would come to pass. In fact, God calls Israel, “My elect…Israel, My elect.” We all understand that the gifts and callings of God, as Romans 11 says, are without repentance. If God elects some to salvation, He is bound to fulfill His purpose.

We clearly saw that the Old Testament is not Amillennial. It does not deny a future Kingdom. In previous parts we looked in detail at the Abrahamic, the Davidic and the New Covenant (in Jeremiah 31, Ezekiel 36 and 37). The Old Testament is precisely clear on all of the promises that relate to the future of Israel and the Kingdom to come, to which God bound Himself.

JEWISH ESCHATOLOGY AT THE TIME OF JESUS

So, were the Jews of Jesus’ day Amillennial?” How did they interpret the Old Testament? Had something happened in the four hundred years between the end of the Old Testament and the time of our Lord when the New Testament was written? Had something happened in that period of time which gave reason to change the interpretation that they put on the Old Testament?

It was back in 1880 that a man named Amel Schurer wrote a book on this very subject. He did a very definitive study on existing Jewish eschatology at the time of Jesus. It lays out what they believed concerning Old Testament Covenant promises. Here is the sum of it.

The coming of the Messiah will be preceded by a time of severe trouble. That is what the Bible calls the Great Tribulation and they believed it even without the New Testament. Jewish eschatology at the time of our Lord also believed that before Messiah comes, Elijah or one like Elijah would come. Jewish eschatology affirmed that Messiah will be a Son of David who will exercise power to set up His Kingdom on earth in Israel and fulfil all the promises made to Abraham and the patriarchs and to David. The Jews also believed that the Old Testament taught that the Kingdom would be established in Israel and Jerusalem would be the capital city. They also believed that dispersed Jews would be gathered from around the world into the land for that great Kingdom. They also believed that the Messianic Kingdom would extend to cover the whole earth and the whole of human society would be dominated by peace. There would be no war, only joy, gladness, health, prosperity. They also believed that the temple would be rebuilt because that is what Ezekiel says in Ezekiel 40 to 48, and temple worship would be at its apex. The eschatology of the Jews at the time of our Lord is precisely the eschatology what the Bible teaches. They were just interpreting the Old Testament in its normal sense.

They also understood that there would be renovation of the world because that is what Isaiah said would happen. They also understood there would be a general resurrection, Daniel 12, of the righteous, there would be final judgment and they even understood that there would be a new heaven and a new earth because that also is specifically prophesied by Isaiah. So at the time of our Lord, nothing had changed in terms of how you interpret the Old Testament.

In Luke 1:67, Zecharias, the father of John the Baptist, is filled with the Holy Spirit, and he has been given a message that he was going to be the father and his wife, Elizabeth, was going to be the mother of the great prophet who will be the forerunner of the Messiah, the herald of the Messiah. He will have a son though he and his wife have been barren and they are likely in their eighties and past the possibility of conceiving children. They have never been able to anyway, but now they will miraculously give birth to a son. His son will be the forerunner of the Messiah, therefore the Messiah is coming. Zechariah says this in verse 68, “Blessed be the Lord God of Israel for He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, has raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of David, His servant.” They understood literally what the Old Testament prophesied. Verse 70, “As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old, salvation from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us.” Instead of being abused and hated and embattled, they would rise to a time of glory. This God would do, “Showing mercy toward our fathers, to remember His holy Covenant, the oath which he swore to Abraham, our father, to grant us that we being delivered from the hand of our enemies might serve Him without fear in holiness and righteousness before Him all our days.”

Zacharias is a priest like a whole lot of other people who function as priests in the land of Israel. He is still in an Old Testament environment, pre-Christ. He teaches the Old Testament.

Our course Zacharias would have assumed that all of that would have happened at His first coming. The fact that it did not happen at His first coming is no justification to assume that it will never happen and that some other people have taken Israel’s place.

Jesus in this constant encounter with the Pharisees is confronted in Luke 17:20, with the question of when the Kingdom of God was coming. That tells you that the Pharisees, the elite, the fundamentalists, the scholastics, the purveyors of Judaism to the populous believed that a real Kingdom was coming.

In chapter 19 verse 11, “He went on to tell a parable because He was near Jerusalem and they supposed that the Kingdom of God was going to appear immediately.” There was only one way to understand the Old Testament, a real Kingdom is coming. The Old Testament is not Amillennial and the generation of Jews at the time of our Lord were not Amillennial. They believed in the coming of the promised King and Kingdom.

WAS JESUS AN AMILLENNIALIST?

Nothing in the Old Testament gives any hint of the cancellation of Kingdom promises which include the land, the primacy, the reigning Messiah, salvation, and all of those things. Nothing in the 400 years between the Old and the New Testament. So if it is now changed and if it no longer is to be believed that there is a real Kingdom for Israel, as defined by the Old Testament, the shift probably should come with Jesus.

Acts 1 is hard-pressed to get around if one wants to hold to the cancellation of God’s promises and replacement theology. This is post-cross and post-resurrection, therefore it is post-rejection and post-apostasy. It is after our Lord has said, “Your house is left to you desolate,” in Luke 13. It is after our Lord has said, “I will not answer your questions. You have enough light, you have rejected the light, I will give you no more light.” It is after the fickle crowd screamed for His blood on Friday calling, “Crucify Him, crucify Him.” Jesus has died, He has risen. Now we’re in to the 40 days between the resurrection and the ascension. Jesus already declared in Luke 19:41 to 44, that there would be a siege against Jerusalem. He predicts the destruction of Jerusalem and reiterates it later in Luke’s gospel before He was crucified. Judgement has already been pronounced on Israel.

And so during this 40 days, Jesus taught them concerning the Kingdom of God. Acts 1 verse 6, “So when they had come together, they were asking Him saying “Lord, is it at this time You are restoring the Kingdom to Israel?” The question is not…why did You cancel the Kingdom? He must in 40 days have affirmed to them unmistakably that the Kingdom promised to Israel was still coming. He said to them, “It’s not for you to know… times, seasons, which the Father has fixed by His own authority.” In all Jewish sources, “restore” is a technical eschatological term for the end time.

If Jesus was an Amillennialist, He would have told them that they have been replaced by a yet to be identified new redeemed people called the church, made up of Jew and Gentile. And what was once physical promises will become spiritual promises because Israel has rejected Him and crucified Him.

If Israel’s rejection and crucifixion of Christ cancelled the Kingdom for them, then we would have assumed that if they wanted to receive the Kingdom, they would have had to embrace Christ and not kill Christ. And if that had occurred, then there would be no salvation for anybody. Are we to assume then that the cross is an adjustment, plan B, a contingency, a reaction to an apostatizing Israel? Did He not Himself say that He was born to die?

At the end of Luke’s gospel in the twenty-fourth chapter, verse 25, He said to those disciples on the road, “O foolish men and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken, was it not necessary for the Christ to suffer these things and to enter into His glory?” The Old Testament promised the suffering and the crucifixion of Christ. Psalm 22 describes it, Isaiah 53 describes it, the sacrificial system of the Old Testament typifies it, Zachariah 12:10 talks about Him being pierced. Same chapter, Luke 24:44, “These are the words which I spoke to you while I was with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the prophets in the Psalms must be fulfilled, including that Christ should suffer and rise again the third day.” The Old Testament prophesied His resurrection, Psalm 16, “You will not allow Your Holy One to see corruption, but show Him the path of life.”

The cross is not an afterthought. It is not an adjustment to Jewish apostasy. Luke 18:31, “He took the Twelve aside and said to them, Behold, we’re going to Jerusalem and all things which are written through the prophets about the Son of Man will be accomplished, He will be delivered to the Gentiles, will be mocked and mistreated and spit upon and after they have scourged Him, they will kill Him.” Matthew says, “Crucify Him.” “And the third day He will rise again.” He says that will happen.

When Jesus came the first time, He came in humiliation. He was born to die to propitiate God’s justice as a satisfaction for the sins of all who would ever believe in order that sinners could be redeemed, including Jews and Gentiles and in the end a whole nation of ethnic Israelites.

Israel’s rejection of Christ was written by God. It does not diminish their guilt and was not a reason to cancel the promises. In fact, it was necessary for the fulfilment of the promises that He bear sin and rise from the dead. Jesus was no Amillennialist. The Kingdom is not conditional on what men do. History is God’s story.

In part 5 of the series, we will deal with the question, whether the Apostles were Amillennials or not.

We start part 2 by looking at what Isaiah had to say about Babylon. We include Isaiah 13-14:23 as Babylon has never been destroyed in the manner Isaiah describes here, and because of its major role in the end times. In the entire Bible, the only city mentioned more often than Babylon, is Jerusalem.

Babylon is the origin of every counterfeit religion and mythology, every attempt to deny and defeat the truth of God’s word. It is the place where man rebelled against God at the beginning of the Age. Why then is it so difficult for people to believe that Babylon will raise to prominence again for man’s rebellion at the end of the Age? Although it might not refer to the physical ancient city itself, the name is also used in the book of Revelation and many scholars believe that it actually refers to the Roman Catholic Church or the Antichrist system in general.

PROPHECY AGAINST BABYLON (Isaiah 13) …

“Raise a banner on a bare hilltop, shout to them; beckon to them to enter the gates of the nobles. I have commanded my holy ones; I have summoned my warriors to carry out my wrath—those who rejoice in my triumph.

Listen, a noise on the mountains, like that of a great multitude! Listen, an uproar among the kingdoms, like nations massing together! The LORD Almighty is mustering an army for war.

They come from faraway lands, from the ends of the heavens—the LORD and the weapons of his wrath— to destroy the whole country.

Wail, for the day of the LORD is near; it will come like destruction from the Almighty. Because of this, all hands will go limp, every man’s heart will melt. Terror will seize them, pain and anguish will grip them; they will writhe like a woman in labor. They will look aghast at each other, their faces aflame.

See, the day of the LORD is coming —a cruel day, with wrath and fierce anger—to make the land desolate and destroy the sinners within it. The stars of heaven and their constellations will not show their light. The rising sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light.

I will punish the world for its evil, the wicked for their sins. I will put an end to the arrogance of the haughty and will humble the pride of the ruthless. I will make man scarcer than pure gold, more rare than the gold of Ophir.” (Isaiah 13:1-12)

Isaiah begins with a general statement identifying when Babylon’s ultimate destruction will come. It will be during the time when the Lord judges the world for its evil, a time often called The Day Of The Lord, or the Great Tribulation. To make sure we understand this, we see the same reference to the sun, moon, and stars in Matt. 24:29 where they signal the end of the Great Tribulation.

“Therefore I will make the heavens tremble; and the earth will shake from its place at the wrath of the LORD Almighty, in the day of his burning anger.

Like a hunted gazelle, like sheep without a shepherd, each will return to his own people, each will flee to his native land. Whoever is captured will be thrust through; all who are caught will fall by the sword. Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives ravished. See, I will stir up against them the Medes, who do not care for silver and have no delight in gold. Their bows will strike down the young men; they will have no mercy on infants nor will they look with compassion on children.” (Isaiah 13:13-18)

The Medes were partners with the Persians who conquered Babylon in 539 BC. But nothing like what’s described here happened at that time. As foretold in Isaiah 45, the Medes and Persians took Babylon without a battle. In fact it was several days before all the residents discovered they had become a Persian City. The Medes, called Kurds today, are a fiercely independent people whose homeland straddles the borders of Turkey, Iran and Iraq.

Babylon was continuously inhabited after its capture, first by the Persians, who made it a provincial capital, and then by the Greeks when they conquered the Persians. Alexander the Great died there after conquering the known world. Babylon remained a province of the various iterations of the Persian Empire until 650AD, almost 1200 years after it was first conquered. Today a small town called Al-Hillah stands among the ancient ruins.

THE KING OF BABYLON (Isaiah 14) …

“The LORD will have compassion on Jacob; once again he will choose Israel and will settle them in their own land. Aliens will join them and unite with the house of Jacob.

Nations will take them and bring them to their own place. And the house of Israel will possess the nations as menservants and maidservants in the LORD’s land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors.” (Isaiah 14:1-2)

“In those days, at that time,” declares the LORD, “search will be made for Israel’s guilt, but there will be none, and for the sins of Judah, but none will be found, for I will forgive the remnant I spare.” (Jeremiah 50:20)

“Judah will be inhabited forever and Jerusalem through all generations. Their bloodguilt, which I have not pardoned, I will pardon.” The LORD dwells in Zion!” (Joel 3:20-21)

Isaiah 14 opens with a reminder that at the End of the Age God would remember His people and bring them back to the Land He promised would be theirs forever. Many settlers would be converts from among the Gentiles of Europe, working alongside descendants of the 12 tribes to build their country anew. We have already seen how Gentile nations like England and the US have helped make this happen. Soon, the enemies who oppress them today will be their subjects, even their servants.

Other prophecies yet to be fulfilled tell of a day when the Lord will so completely forgive Israel that even those who search for an accusation to hurl will find nothing. It is hard to imagine how such a change could come about. Zechariah explains what will make it possible.

“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for him as one grieves for a firstborn son.” (Zech. 12:10)

Once the nation’s eyes are opened to the Messiah, it will be like a new day dawning. They will find that His blood has covered even the sin of shedding it, and He will once again be pleased to dwell among them, and this time it will be forever. (Ezek 43:7).

And now, back to Babylon.
“On the day the LORD gives you relief from suffering and turmoil and cruel bondage, you will take up this taunt against the king of Babylon: How the oppressor has come to an end! How his fury has ended! The LORD has broken the rod of the wicked, the scepter of the rulers, which in anger struck down peoples with unceasing blows, and in fury subdued nations with relentless aggression.

All the lands are at rest and at peace; they break into singing. Even the pine trees and the cedars of Lebanon exult over you and say, “Now that you have been laid low, no woodsman comes to cut us down.” (Isaiah 14:3-8)

In chapter 13 we saw the destruction of the city (or system). Now the Lord has Isaiah turn to the one who has caused all the world’s problems. As we will see, He is not talking about Nebuchadnezzar, or even the Antichrist.

“The grave below is all astir to meet you at your coming; it rouses the spirits of the departed to greet you— all those who were leaders in the world; it makes them rise from their thrones—all those who were kings over the nations.

They will all respond, they will say to you, “You also have become weak, as we are; you have become like us.”

All your pomp has been brought down to the grave, along with the noise of your harps; maggots are spread out beneath you and worms cover you.” (Isaiah 14:9-11)

The King of Babylon will join those who have foolishly chosen to follow him down through the ages. All the world’s mighty men will finally see that he was no better then they. Though he promised them great things, even “all the Kingdoms of the World”, in the end he cannot even save himself from the wrath of God, and will share their miserable fate.

“How you have fallen from heaven, O morning star, son of the dawn! You have been cast down to the earth, you who once laid low the nations!

You said in your heart, “I will ascend to heaven; I will raise my throne above the stars of God; I will sit enthroned on the mount of assembly, on the utmost heights of the sacred mountain. I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.” Isaiah 14:12-14

The King James reads “Lucifer, son of the morning” in verse 12 rather than “morning star, son of the dawn.” Lucifer is a word that means “light bearer” and comes from the Latin translation of verse 12.

LIKE THE MOST HIGH

The first use of the phrase Most High in connection with God appears in Genesis 14:18. Then, in verse 19 Melchizedek blessed Abraham in the name of the Most High God, calling Him the possessor of Heaven and Earth. Satan was not trying to replace God as Earth’s Creator. He wanted to possess it, and everyone in it.

When he could not get it legitimately, he stole it by getting Adam and Eve to disobey God. In the wilderness temptation he offered all the kingdoms of the world to the Lord. Luke 4:6 While the Lord rejected his offer, He did not dispute his claim. Jesus called Satan “the prince of this world” (John 12:31, 14:30,16:11), Paul said he is “the god of this age” (2 Cor. 4:4) and John wrote, “the whole world is under the control of the evil one” (1 John 5:19) It’s also why Paul wrote about the Lord redeeming the creation, not just you and me. (Romans 8:19-21) With His blood He redeemed everything Adam had lost.

“But you are brought down to the grave, to the depths of the pit. Those who see you stare at you, they ponder your fate: “Is this the man who shook the earth and made kingdoms tremble, the man who made the world a desert, who overthrew its cities and would not let his captives go home?”

All the kings of the nations lie in state, each in his own tomb. But you are cast out of your tomb like a rejected branch; you are covered with the slain, with those pierced by the sword, those who descend to the stones of the pit.

Like a corpse trampled underfoot, you will not join them in burial, for you have destroyed your land and killed your people. The offspring of the wicked will never be mentioned again. Prepare a place to slaughter his sons for the sins of their forefathers; they are not to rise to inherit the land and cover the earth with their cities.” (Isaiah 14:15-21)

In middle Eastern thinking, killing a man is not the worst you can do to him. The worst thing is to deny him a decent burial afterward. Satan will spend the 1000 years of the Kingdom Age amid the rotting corpses of his followers, denied the courtesy of his own tomb. In contrast to the Righteous Branch, he has become the rejected branch. By deceit he gained the Earth and its inhabitants, but he destroyed one and killed the other. At the end of the 1000 years, he and his followers will be raised, but to slaughter not inheritance. (Rev. 20:7-15)

“I will rise up against them,” declares the LORD Almighty. “I will cut off from Babylon her name and survivors, her offspring and descendants,” declares the LORD.

“I will turn her into a place for owls and into swampland; I will sweep her with the broom of destruction,” declares the LORD Almighty.” (Isaiah14:22-23)

Jeremiah 50-51 tell the same story in even greater detail, confirming Isaiah’s account. And for his version of Babylon’s destruction (Rev. 18) John borrowed language from both these prophets. It’s clear they were all talking about the same event.

AN ORACLE CONCERNING DAMASCUS (Isaiah 17) …

The prophecy of the destruction of Damascus in Isaiah 17 still needs to be fulfilled.

“See, Damascus will no longer be a city but will become a heap of ruins. The cities of Aroer will be deserted and left to flocks, which will lie down, with no one to make them afraid.” (Isaiah 17:1-2)

Because of the language of these verses, many scholars believe that this prophecy was only partially fulfilled when the Assyrians defeated the Arameans and overran their capital, Damascus, in 732 BC. To this day Damascus is thought to be the world’s oldest continuously inhabited city with a 5000-year history and a population close to 2 million, yet Isaiah 17:1 indicates that it will one day cease to exist. Most probably, current civil war in Syria is part of the fulfilment of this prophecy.

It could also include the Hezbollah stronghold in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon, which was part of Aramean territory in Isaiah’s time, and is in a direct line between Beirut and Damascus.

“The fortified city will disappear from Ephraim, and royal power from Damascus; the remnant of Aram will be like the glory of the Israelites,” declares the LORD Almighty. “In that day the glory of Jacob will fade; the fat of his body will waste away. It will be as when a reaper gathers the standing grain and harvests the grain with his arm- as when a man gleans heads of grain in the Valley of Rephaim.” (Isaiah 17:3-5)

This segment speaks of the defeat of Damascus in 732BC and the destruction of Samaria 10 years later (722 BC). Damascus continued to exist as part of the Assyrian Empire and is still here today, but the ruins of Samaria are just now being excavated out of the sandy soil of Israel. The systematic relocation of the ruling classes to the far reaches of the Assyrian Empire is also in view. This was standard Assyrian policy to reduce the likelihood of subsequent rebellion among their conquered peoples. Jacob and Ephraim are alternate names for the Northern Kingdom, and Samaria was its capital.

“Yet some gleanings will remain, as when an olive tree is beaten, leaving two or three olives on the topmost branches, four or five on the fruitful boughs,” declares the LORD, the God of Israel.” (Isaiah 17:6)

Not all the people were dispersed. Farmers were left behind to tend the crops and protect the harvest for their new rulers. They were joined by refugees from other parts of Assyria and their combined descendants were known as the Samaritans in the time of Jesus. (A quick reading of 2 Chronicles 11:16 shows that all the faithful from the 10 northern tribes moved south at the time of the civil war that divided the nation after King Solomon’s death 150 years earlier. From then on, all 12 tribes were represented in the Southern Kingdom of Judah, so the 10 tribes from the North weren’t totally lost. The Lord has always preserved a believing remnant from all the Tribes of Israel.)

In that day men will look to their Maker and turn their eyes to the Holy One of Israel. They will not look to the altars, the work of their hands, and they will have no regard for the Asherah poles and the incense altars their fingers have made. In that day their strong cities, which they left because of the Israelites, will be like places abandoned to thickets and undergrowth. And all will be desolation.” (Isaiah 17:7-9)

This passage is problematic for those who try to consign the whole prophecy to history. There is simply no reason to believe that the Assyrians turned to God following their conquest of Aram and Israel. And far from abandoning their cities because of the Israelites, it was the Israelites who were defeated and dispersed. The yet future Jewish attack on Damascus causing the destruction and abandonment of Syrian cities, and the eventual return of the survivors to their God is a much more likely fulfillment. And it could happen soon.

“You have forgotten God your Savior; you have not remembered the Rock, your fortress. Therefore, though you set out the finest plants and plant imported vines, though on the day you set them out, you make them grow, and on the morning when you plant them, you bring them to bud, yet the harvest will be as nothing in the day of disease and incurable pain.” (Isaiah 17:10-11)

Asshur, father of the Assyrians, and Aram, father of the Arameans were both sons of Shem. Aram’s son Uz is the traditional founder of Damascus. (The setting for Job, the Bible’s oldest book, is the Land of Uz.) The knowledge of God in the memories of these patriarchs cannot be questioned. It wasn’t that they never knew Him, but that they had forgotten Him, abandoned Him in favor of the Canaanite gods of the region, Baal and his consort Ashtoreth (aka Asherah, Astarte, Ishtar, Aphrodite, Venus.) Currently Syria is almost totally Moslem. Until they return to their Maker and Savior none of their plans and schemes will prosper in the long run, no matter how promising they seem at the beginning.

“Oh, the raging of many nations- they rage like the raging sea! Oh, the uproar of the peoples- they roar like the roaring of great waters! Although the peoples roar like the roar of surging waters, when he rebukes them they flee far away, driven before the wind like chaff on the hills, like tumbleweed before a gale. In the evening, sudden terror! Before the morning, they are gone! This is the portion of those who loot us, the lot of those who plunder us.” (Isaiah 17:12-14)

Having conquered most of the Middle East including the Arameans and the Northern Kingdom, the Assyrians set their sights on the Southern Kingdom, Judah. Assyria’s King Sennacherib brought his armies almost literally to the gates of Jerusalem, so close his commanders were within speaking distance of the Jewish defenders. On the night before they were to attack, the Lord sent His angel into the Assyrian camp on Mt. Scopus to slaughter 185,000 Assyrian soldiers. Before dawn they had packed up and fled, ending 44 years of conquest. (Isaiah 37:36-38) This time in Israel’s history so parallels the Jewish view of the End Times that Sennacherib is seen by them as a type of the anti-Christ, while Judah’s King Hezekiah models the Messiah.

But notice that Isaiah speaks of many nations raging against God’s people, not just Assyria, leading us once again to consider Sennacherib’s defeat as a partial fulfillment of Isaiah’s prohecy.

The phrase “rushing of many waters” is often used to describe the sound of loud voices and today many nations are stirred up about Israel. The cry of anti-Israeli sentiment can be heard around the globe and the bias against it at the UN is well-known. Except for the USA, Israel is standing alone against all and there is irresistible pressure to negotiate away its very existence. Syria and Iran are dead certain that Israel will attack soon, and are preparing accordingly.

Israeli Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu has told the world he will not apologize for defending his country and will continue to do so even if it results in more confrontations. We can easily envision a scenario that escalates into the final fulfilment of Isaiah 17, the destruction of Damascus. Once again there will be sudden terror in the evening, and before morning they will be gone.

(Main source: Grace thru Faith – Jack Kelley)

BACKGROUND ON ISAIAH AND HIS BOOK

Although he wrote during the period of 740 to 700 BC, Isaiah is the prophet most often quoted in the New Testament. He was a prophet to the Southern Kingdom at the same time as Hosea, Amos and Micah. Isaiah was of the tribe of Judah, and according to Rabbinic tradition was closely related to several Kings. Often called the greatest of Israel’s writing prophets, Isaiah’s book is exceeded in length only by the Psalms and (barely) Jeremiah. As the Bible has 66 books Isaiah has 66 chapters, The first 39 of them, equal to the books of the Old Testament, speak of judgment. The last 27, the number of New Testament books, focus on reconciliation and redemption. It’s true that chapter breaks didn’t come along until much later but it’s interesting that even in its form, the Book of Isaiah is a model of God’s word in total.

In John 12:38-41 Jesus quoted from both parts of Isaiah ( 53:1 first and then 6:10) attributing them to the same author. If you need confirming opinions, the Jewish historian Josephus thought so too, and evangelical Christianity overwhelmingly supports the book’s single authorship.

BACKGROUND ON OUR STUDIES

Many scholars believe that a number of his prophetic passages had a dual fulfilment in mind. The first would culminate in the Babylonian captivity, which came 100 years later, while the second was for the end of the age. In this study we are only going to look at those parts of the Book of Isaiah that clearly relate to the End Times, which will include the most descriptive passages of Israel’s Kingdom Age to be found anywhere in Scripture.

THE START

CHOICES TO ISRAEL

After beginning with a 17 verse litany of Israel’s sins, the Lord had Isaiah plead with the people for a rational discussion of their alternatives.
“Come now, let us reason together,” says the LORD. “Though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red as crimson, they shall be like wool. If you are willing and obedient, you will eat the best from the land; but if you resist and rebel, you will be devoured by the sword.” For the mouth of the LORD has spoken.” (Isaiah 1:18-20)

The choice is clear. Willingly obey and be blessed, or resist and rebel and be devoured. This choice was offered them in advance of the Babylonian conquest and it is being offered now.

“Therefore the Lord, the LORD Almighty, the Mighty One of Israel, declares: “Ah, I will get relief from my foes and avenge myself on my enemies. I will turn my hand against you; I will thoroughly purge away your dross and remove all your impurities. I will restore your judges as in days of old, your counselors as at the beginning. Afterward you will be called the City of Righteousness, the Faithful City.” Zion will be redeemed with justice, her penitent ones with righteousness.” (Isaiah 1:24-27)

The Great Tribulation is compared to a refiner’s fire in Zechariah 13:9 where all Israel’s impurities will be removed and the remnant made pure. In a refinery, silver and gold are heated by fire to their melting point. The impurities, called dross, float to the top and are skimmed off leaving only the purest form of the precious metal.

“But rebels and sinners will both be broken, and those who forsake the LORD will perish. “You will be ashamed because of the sacred oaks in which you have delighted; you will be disgraced because of the gardens that you have chosen. You will be like an oak with fading leaves, like a garden without water. The mighty man will become tinder and his work a spark; both will burn together, with no one to quench the fire.” (Isaiah 1:28-31)

As is often the case in Isaiah the prophecies of judgment contain a glimpse of restoration. And so chapter 2 begins with the following:
“In the last days the mountain of the LORD’s temple will be established as chief among the mountains; it will be raised above the hills, and all nations will stream to it.
Many peoples will come and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob. He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths.” The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from Jerusalem.

He will judge between the nations and will settle disputes for many peoples. They will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore. Come, O house of Jacob, let us walk in the light of the LORD.” (Isaiah 2:1-5)

The word mountain is used symbolically here referring to governments, as in Daniel 2:35. As the Kingdom Age begins, Israel will be the single super power on Earth. All other national governments will be subordinate, creating a one world government, headquartered in Israel, with King Jesus at its head. All the world will be subject to God’s laws and the Messiah King will be the final authority on their administration. Psalm 2:9 says that He wll rule with an iron scepter, and will tolerate no dissent.

The temple Isaiah mentioned here is the one so carefully described in Ezekiel 40-46. From Ezekiel we learn that the Temple itself will be situated a few miles north of Jerusalem, and from Zechariah 14:4 we see that the current Temple Mount will disappear in an Earthquake that divides the Mt. Of Olives in half. The gorge created by the earthquake will extend from the Mediterranean Sea to the Dead Sea. Fresh water will emerge from under the Temple to fill the gorge, bringing life to a region that’s been an arid wasteland since the judgment of Sodom and Gomorrah. (Ezekiel 47)

But before those days can come, the world must first endure the worst time of tribulation ever witnessed on Earth. (Matt. 24:21) Isaiah’s first description begins in chapter 2 verse 6 and extends through the end of chapter 3. Isaiah will now provide more detail concerning the time just preceding the 2nd Coming.

THE DAY OF THE LORD

“You have abandoned your people, the house of Jacob. They are full of superstitions from the East; they practice divination like the Philistines and clasp hands with pagans. Their land is full of silver and gold; there is no end to their treasures. Their land is full of horses; there is no end to their chariots. Their land is full of idols; they bow down to the work of their hands, to what their fingers have made.” (Isaiah 2:6-8)

Here is another hint that in the End Times Israel will accumulate great wealth. Ezekiel also made reference to Israel’s wealth in the time leading up to the battle of Ezekiel 38-39. To explain Gog’s motive in forming a coalition to attack Israel, God had Ezekiel reveal his thoughts. “I will invade a land of unwalled villages; I will attack a peaceful and unsuspecting people—all of them living without walls and without gates and bars. I will plunder and loot and turn my hand against the resettled ruins and the people gathered from the nations, rich in livestock and goods, living at the center of the land.” (Ezekiel 38:11-12)

A group of nations standing on the sidelines will confirm this, asking, “Have you come to plunder? Have you gathered your hordes to loot, to carry off silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods and to seize much plunder?” (Ezekiel 38:13)

Recently, Israel discovered rich oil reserves – an incentive of the kind Ezekiel mentioned to goad Russia (Magog) into action and to lead the attack. Russia has a strategic interest in the world’s oil. The large discovery in Israel could serve as a tempting pay-off for Russia, sufficient to justify leading the Moslem coalition in its religious quest to destroy the Jewish nation.

“So man will be brought low and mankind humbled—do not forgive them. Go into the rocks, hide in the ground from dread of the LORD and the splendor of his majesty! The eyes of the arrogant man will be humbled and the pride of men brought low; the LORD alone will be exalted in that day.” (Isaiah 2:7-11)

Notice that the Lord is not just talking about Israel here, but all of mankind. By the time He is finished there will be no doubt as to Who is exalted and who is not. Zechariah spoke of the day of the Lord’s return this way. “The LORD will be king over the whole earth. On that day there will be one LORD, and his name the only name.” (Zechariah 14:9)

Later Paul would write: “Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.” (Phil 2:9-11) But sadly, after He comes back it will be too late for them to accept Him as their Savior and escape the judgment. They will be led off agreeing that He really is Lord and admitting that they refused His offer of pardon.

“The LORD Almighty has a day in store for all the proud and lofty, for all that is exalted (and they will be humbled), for all the cedars of Lebanon, tall and lofty, and all the oaks of Bashan, for all the towering mountains and all the high hills, for every lofty tower and every fortified wall, for every trading ship and every stately vessel.

The arrogance of man will be brought low and the pride of men humbled; the LORD alone will be exalted in that day, and the idols will totally disappear. Men will flee to caves in the rocks and to holes in the ground from dread of the LORD and the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to shake the earth.

In that day men will throw away to the rodents and bats their idols of silver and idols of gold, which they made to worship. They will flee to caverns in the rocks and to the overhanging crags from dread of the LORD and the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to shake the earth. Stop trusting in man, who has but a breath in his nostrils. Of what account is he?” (Isaiah 2:12-22)

Three things mentioned repeatedly here give us a vivid scene of the End Times. Arrogant men, having engaged in idolatry in defiance of the Lord, hiding in rocks from the wrath of the Almighty. Idols are anything that man holds to be of greater importance in his life than the Lord. Zechariah 13:2 says, “On that day, I will banish the names of the idols from the land, and they will be remembered no more,” declares the LORD Almighty.”

And in Rev. 6:15-17 John wrote: “Then the kings of the earth, the princes, the generals, the rich, the mighty, and every slave and every free man hid in caves and among the rocks of the mountains. They called to the mountains and the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of him who sits on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb! For the great day of their wrath has come, and who can stand?”

With the opening of the seven seals, the Wrath of God will have come and mankind will begin experiencing the consequences of their disobedience.

JUDGEMENT ON JERUSALEM AND JUDAH (Isaiah 3) …

Now Isaiah’s focus narrows to deal specifically with the Jewish people.

“See now, the Lord, the LORD Almighty, is about to take from Jerusalem and Judah both supply and support: all supplies of food and all supplies of water, the hero and warrior, the judge and prophet, the soothsayer and elder, the captain of fifty and man of rank, the counselor, skilled craftsman and clever enchanter.

I will make boys their officials; mere children will govern them. People will oppress each other— man against man, neighbor against neighbor. The young will rise up against the old, the base against the honorable. A man will seize one of his brothers at his father’s home, and say, “You have a cloak, you be our leader; take charge of this heap of ruins!”

But in that day he will cry out, “I have no remedy. I have no food or clothing in my house; do not make me the leader of the people.”

Jerusalem staggers, Judah is falling; their words and deeds are against the LORD, defying his glorious presence. The look on their faces testifies against them; they parade their sin like Sodom; they do not hide it. Woe to them! They have brought disaster upon themselves.” (Isaiah 3:1-10)

Israel will experience a vacuum of leadership. Their only thought will be for survival. They will search in vain for someone to help them solve their problems, but no one will be found. Having enjoyed great wealth, they will now have so little that a man with a coat will be thought to have leadership potential.

“Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will enjoy the fruit of their deeds. Woe to the wicked! Disaster is upon them! They will be paid back for what their hands have done. Youths oppress my people, women rule over them. O my people, your guides lead you astray; they turn you from the path.

The LORD takes his place in court; he rises to judge the people. The LORD enters into judgment against the elders and leaders of his people: “It is you who have ruined my vineyard; the plunder from the poor is in your houses. What do you mean by crushing my people and grinding the faces of the poor?” declares the Lord, the LORD Almighty.” (Isaiah 3:10-15)

As Peter wrote, The Lord knows how to rescue Godly men from trials, while holding the unrighteous for judgment. (2 Peter 2:9) One way the Lord judges rebellious people is to give them unworthy leaders who take them farther from God’s truth into the deception of mankind. We also do not realize that as rebellious people we have no right to expect that God will give us leaders who can solve our problems. More likely we will be taken further off the path.

“The LORD says, “The women of Zion are haughty, walking along with outstretched necks, flirting with their eyes, tripping along with mincing steps, with ornaments jingling on their ankles.

Therefore the Lord will bring sores on the heads of the women of Zion; the LORD will make their scalps bald.” In that day the Lord will snatch away their finery: the bangles and headbands and crescent necklaces, the earrings and bracelets and veils, the headdresses and ankle chains and sashes, the perfume bottles and charms, the signet rings and nose rings, the fine robes and the capes and cloaks, the purses and mirrors, and the linen garments and tiaras and shawls.

Instead of fragrance there will be a stench; instead of a sash, a rope; instead of well-dressed hair, baldness; instead of fine clothing, sackcloth; instead of beauty, branding. Your men will fall by the sword, your warriors in battle. The gates of Zion will lament and mourn; destitute, she will sit on the ground. (Isaiah 3:16-26)

In ancient times captured women were branded, their heads were shaved and rings were put through their noses, by which they were led off in rags to servitude. Pictures from the holocaust reflect a more modern adaptation. In the End times the people of Earth will see this yet again.

THE BRANCH OF THE LORD (Isaiah 4) …

“In that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory of the survivors in Israel. Those who are left in Zion, who remain in Jerusalem, will be called holy, all who are recorded among the living in Jerusalem. The Lord will wash away the filth of the women of Zion; he will cleanse the bloodstains from Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire. Then the LORD will create over all of Mount Zion and over those who assemble there a cloud of smoke by day and a glow of flaming fire by night; over all the glory will be a canopy. It will be a shelter and shade from the heat of the day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and rain.” (Isaiah 4:2-6)

When the Messiah comes He will bring a Spirit of judgment and a Spirit of fire to cleanse the world. Living believers will be welcomed into the Kingdom (Matt. 25:34) while unbelievers will be taken away to eternal punishment (Matt. 25:46).

In verse 5 the word translated defense (KJV) or canopy (NIV) is chuppah, the Jewish wedding canopy, symbolizing that the Messiah will fulfill the prophecy of Isaiah 4:1 and “marry” all of them by bringing them under His protection, to be called by His name. And in verse 6 the word translated tabernacle (KJV) or shelter (NIV) is sukkah. It is the name of the shelter that Jews build on the Feast of Tabernacles, to symbolize the Lord dwelling with them. The pillar of fire by night and cloud by day complete the memorial of His time with them in the wilderness, (Exodus 13:21) and announce that once again God will dwell with His people in a time of complete protection and provision.

The next view Isaiah gave us of the End times is found in chapters 11-12 and concerns the Messiah.

THE BRANCH FROM JESSE (Isaiah 11)…

A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit.
The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him- the Spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the Spirit of counsel and of power, the Spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD – and he will delight in the fear of the LORD. (Isaiah 11:1-2)

Isaiah was foretelling that the royal line of David, from whom all of Israel’s Kings came, would be cut down like a tree, lie dormant, and then be restored. The process would begin about 150 years after Isaiah wrote this when the Lord pronounced a blood curse on the Davidic line, saying no more would these sons of David ever rule over Israel. (Jeremiah 22:28-30). The line would languish, like the stump of a chopped down tree. All during the Babylonian captivity and for 500 years afterward, there was no King over Israel. And then one day a shoot would spring forth, a Branch that would bear fruit. Since Jesse was David’s father and David was not the Branch, this is a reference to the Messiah, the ultimate Son of David.

The word Branch is capitalized, signifying that it refers to a person. There are four references to the Messiah as the Branch, and each of them carries a special modifier. Jeremiah 23:5 tells of a Righteous Branch, a King. Zechariah mentions “my servant, the Branch” (Zech. 3:8) and “the man whose name is the Branch” (Zech. 6:12). Finally, previously, we saw the Branch of the Lord in Isaiah 4:2.

The representations of these four modifiers are also revealed as the four faces of the Cherubim in Rev. 4. And they represent the dominant themes in the four gospels as well. Matthew wrote to the Jews proclaiming Jesus as Israel’s Messiah, the Lion of Judah. Mark showed Him to be the obedient servant of God, Luke portrayed Him as the Son of Man, and in John He’s the Son of God.

It’s pretty clear that the Branch is a Messianic title. The branch from the stump of Jesse is the Messiah, born of the Tribe of Judah into the Davidic line.

THE PROMISE …

Remember, God promised David that someone from His family would reign in Israel forever. David wanted to build God’s house, but God declined, saying He needed a man of peace and David was a man of war. So God chose David’s son Solomon to build the Temple and during Solomon’s reign Israel experienced peace as never before (or since). As for David, God promised to build him a “house”, making his dynasty everlasting (1 Chron. 17:1-14). From that time forward a descendant of David’s through Solomon’s branch of the family tree would sit on the throne in Jerusalem as King of Israel.

But by the time of the Babylonian captivity, these kings had become so evil and rebellious toward God that He finally said, “Enough”, and cursed the royal line, saying no son of theirs would ever reign over Israel again (Jer. 22:28-30). The last legitimate King of Israel was Jehoiachin, also called Jeconiah, who reigned for only 3 months in 598 BC. Was God breaking His promise to David?

In announcing the coming Messiah, the angel Gabriel promised Mary that her son would sit on David’s throne , the first one to do so since the curse had been pronounced, and when He did it would be forever. (Luke 1:32-33) But what about the cursed line of David? How could God promise such a thing to Mary?

If you compare the 2 genealogies of Jesus in Matthew 1:1-17 and Luke 3:23-38, and you will discover that Mary was of the tribe of Judah and descendants of David. Mary’s genealogy goes through Solomon’s brother Nathan.

JESUS WILL REIGN FROM THE THRONE OF DAVID …

This made Jesus the only man on Earth since 600BC with a legal right to the throne of David. It took a virgin birth to do it, but God kept His promise to both David and Mary. David’s throne will be occupied forever, by Mary’s son.

“He will not judge by what he sees with his eyes, or decide by what he hears with his ears; but with righteousness he will judge the needy, with justice he will give decisions for the poor of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth; with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked. Righteousness will be his belt and faithfulness the sash around his waist.” (Isaiah 11:3-5)

The striking contrast between the Lamb of God and the Lion of Judah is evident. Psalm 2:8-9 confirms that He will rule the nations with an iron scepter. Rev. 19:15 agrees and adds that He will strike down the nations with the word of His mouth.

“The wolf will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little child will lead them. The cow will feed with the bear, their young will lie down together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox. The infant will play near the hole of the cobra, and the young child put his hand into the viper’s nest. They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, for the earth will be full of the knowledge of the LORD as the waters cover the sea.” (Isaiah 11:6-9)

Once the Messianic era begins, peace will be its most distinguishing characteristic. Earlier we saw that in the Messianic Kingdom nation would no longer take up arms against nation. Now we see that the Millennial peace will extend to the animal kingdom as well. Later on we will see that the creation itself will burst forth in joyful song.

“In that day the Root of Jesse will stand as a banner for the peoples; the nations will rally to him, and his place of rest will be glorious. In that day the Lord will reach out his hand a second time to reclaim the remnant that is left of his people from Assyria, from Lower Egypt, from Upper Egypt, from Cush, from Elam, from Babylonia, from Hamath and from the islands of the sea.
He will raise a banner for the nations and gather the exiles of Israel; he will assemble the scattered people of Judah from the four quarters of the earth. Ephraim’s jealousy will vanish, and Judah’s enemies will be cut off; Ephraim will not be jealous of Judah, nor Judah hostile toward Ephraim.” (Isaiah 11:10-13)

The first re-gathering of the nation took place after the Babylonian captivity. The second one officially began in 1948, continues to this day, and will be complete after the Battle of Ezekiel 38. “Then they will know that I am the LORD their God, for though I sent them into exile among the nations, I will gather them to their own land, not leaving any behind.” (Ezekiel 39:28) After 2000 years, God’s people will have come home from the Diaspora and will be a single Kingdom again for the first time since 900 BC.

“They will swoop down on the slopes of Philistia to the west; together they will plunder the people to the east. They will lay hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them. The LORD will dry up the gulf of the Egyptian sea; with a scorching wind he will sweep his hand over the Euphrates River. He will break it up into seven streams so that men can cross over in sandals. There will be a highway for the remnant of his people that is left from Assyria, as there was for Israel when they came up from Egypt.” (Isaiah 11:14-16)

Chapter 11 closes with yet another promise that as the end of the age draws near the people we erroneously call Palestinians today will cease to be a problem for God’s people by reason of conquest. Israel will take hold of them and place them under subjugation. These verses likely refer to the battle of Psalm 83, which is very possibly the next event on the prophetic calendar.

SONGS OF PRAISE (Isaiah 12) …

“In that day you will say: “I will praise you, O LORD. Although you were angry with me, your anger has turned away and you have comforted me. Surely God is my salvation; I will trust and not be afraid. The LORD, the LORD, is my strength and my song; he has become my salvation.”
With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation. In that day you will say: “Give thanks to the LORD, call on his name; make known among the nations what he has done, and proclaim that his name is exalted. Sing to the LORD, for he has done glorious things; let this be known to all the world.
Shout aloud and sing for joy, people of Zion, for great is the Holy One of Israel among you.” (Isaiah 12:1-6)

In the past, when Israel was in the land and at peace with God, the whole world stood in awe of the incredible blessing that accompanies a covenant relationship with our Creator. It has been a very long time since that has happened, but at long last God’s people will be one with Him again, and again the whole world will be blessed.

(Main source: Grace thru Faith – Jack Kelley)